Here’s what you need to know about Dark Matter and Dark Energy:
What is Matter:-
There are many definitions of matter In science, Matter is the term for any type of material. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. At a minimum, Matter requires at least one subatomic particle, although most matter consists of atoms. The word matter is sometimes used to refer to a pure substance or object. Matter can include any of the following like atoms, molecules, stars, trees, Planets, rocks and humans and so on. This matter accounts for less than 5% of the studied universe.
Dark Matter & Dark Energy:-
If we talk about Dark Matter, the universe consists of about 25% of Dark Matter and 70% of Dark Energy where these both Dark Matter and Dark Energy are invisible. Dark Matter is an invisible mass which responsible for adding gravity to the planets or galaxies or other bodies of the universe. Scientists really have no clue how Dark Matter and Dark Energy work and what really they are, but they are pretty sure that these two exist.
Dark Matter is a thing that makes possible to galaxy exists. If we take a look at the way how the galaxy is structured it is clear that it’s not done by a normal matter because the visible matter is not that strong enough to form galaxies and complex structures. There’s something in this space that doesn’t emit or reflect light which is completely dark. Being the existence of Dark Matter we can spot it at places where light passing will bend when it passes nearby the high concentration of Dark Matter, which clearly states that there’s something which is linked to gravity.
Dark Matter is not just a cloud or something with a matter, because these clouds and other particles will emit particles that are detectable by us. Dark Matter is also not an Anti-Matter, because anti-matter produces unique gamma rays when it reacts with normal matter. The Anti-Matter is the opposite of normal matter where it refers to the subatomic particles that have properties opposite to the properties of normal matter subatomic particles.
Dark matter is also not something that is made up of black holes or other objects that affect their surroundings. Dark Matter is probably made up of particle that doesn’t interact with light. As we compare Dark Matter to Dark Energy, Dark Energy is much more strange and mysterious, which we cannot detect, and measure it but we can see its effects clearly.
Scientists basically know 3 things for sure about this dark matter and dark energy which are:-
- These two Dark matter and Dark Energy are definitely interacting with gravity.
- Something big is out there that cannot be detected by the human race.
- There’s a lot of it which cannot be calculated.
In 1929, Edwin Hubble an American Astronomer examined how the wavelength of light emitted by the distant galaxies, shift towards the Red end of the electromagnetic spectrum as it travels in the space. In that study, he finds out far distant galaxies have shown a large degree of Redshift than the near distant galaxies.
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| Red Shift |
This was because the universe is expanding day by day. In 2002, Dr.Wendy Freedman observed that the universe is expanding fastly i.e., 72 Kilometers per second. More recent discoveries have shown that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Space doesn’t change its properties as it expands, there’s just more of it. Wherever there is an empty space in the universe there is more forming every second. So, dark energy is a type of energy that is intrinsic to empty space in the universe. Dark Energy is stronger than anything we know and it is getting stronger as time passes. Empty space has more energy than everything in the universe combined. There are still a lot of questions to answer on dark matter and dark energy…
